Well I think it may be solved.
I was unable to find a wiring diagram for the 82 (I'm thinking they didn't make one for that year), but did find one for an 83 from chilton. It should be the closest one.
I found that wiggling the Positive battery(Drivers side Battery) cable going down to the starter solenoid would give me electric past the fuse block. then turned headlights on to test that circuit. I had lights. I then tried the key, and it would all kill again/short.
Fix:
So I disconnected the batteries dropped the starter (to see the solenoid) and the connections were rusty and had been shorting there for a while. The nuts that held the cable on, looked like they had been melted a little like someone had used an arc welder on them. I am going to replace the cable with a new one clean up the hardware and hopefully have power again. Pretty sure that will solve the issue.
I did find that there isn't a main fuse in the fuse block or a spot for one. witch is odd. Or a fuse block under the hood.
Also, I know that GM diesels were experimenting throughout the production of these diesel's and each year they corrected some of the design flaws.
Another note the add-on solenoid on the pass wheelwell is what controls the glow plugs same as a relay.