boost safe quick over go`

i know after reading alot of these threads that a few thing here and there are missing and i want to fill these holes..make it easier for others to search up a thread and get most simple safe boost questions answered with one thread... i obviously dont know what i should do so i want to ask and clearify and for future reference for others.
now what makes a turbo not so safe for an engine? Predetonation, making engine run too hot, pushing head off of block, running to lean?
did i get all of the probs they cause.. plz correct me. and then what do we do to keep from all of these problems from happening... explain to all and make this a use ful thread :smokin: