Goingbig-

Its as simple as a bicycle when it comes to gears. Take a 10 speed and shift to a lower gear ratio by going to a sprocket with less teeth on it, on the rear hub, and then for every time you peddel around once you will have gone further, and as I said with less RPM. Back to Bigd7315 problem this would help because the motor with a 3.73 gear compared to your suggested 4.56, the engine would only be doing 1800 RPM at 55MPH rathur then 2600-2800RPM at the same speed. The more Rounds the motor makes the more gas you will use to fire each piston more often each minute! In this example aproximately 800-1000 more times each piston must be fired each minute. Thus, a lot more gas used to travel the same distance of 55 miles in one hour.
Because he pulls heavy equiptment, he does not want to sacriffice the 4.10 gear that helps him on starts from a stop. I doubt he will want to go to a smaller gear ratio, but it WOULD help a lot.
Bigger tires-same principal, each time the axle goes around once the bigger tire will travel a couple inces or so(depending on tire diameter change)further.
I dont know a racer that uses a muffler. A quiet race car-that is a concept they researched. They still have backpressure because they have to have an exhaust manifold of some type. But they go with as big a diameter as they can. It increases hoursepower thus you get more power with less pedel. That is why it would help on gas milage.